Any (Mercury, Venus, or Mars) in retrograde.
: These deal with the most intimate parts of the self—communication, love, and action—that the soul has been struggling with for many lifetimes. karmic astrology vol. ii retrogrades and reincarnation pdf
: The individual is still heavily living in the past, struggling with the original karmic issue. Any (Mercury, Venus, or Mars) in retrograde
Karmic Astrology, Vol. II: Retrogrades and Reincarnation by Martin Schulman is a foundational text for those exploring the spiritual and evolutionary dimensions of their birth charts. Originally published in the late 1970s and 1980s, it moves away from traditional "good" or "bad" interpretations of retrogrades, viewing them instead as critical keys to a soul's past-life journey. The Core Concept of Retrogrades as "Internalized Energy" Karmic Astrology, Vol
According to Martin Schulman (URL: https://www.amazon.com/Karmic-Astrology-Vol-Retrogrades-Reincarnation/dp/0877283451), you are considered a "retrograde individual" if you meet one of these three criteria in your natal chart: retrograde planets.
: The soul is ready to move forward, having mastered the lesson and beginning to use the retrograde energy as a gift for spiritual growth. Significance of Specific Retrograde Planets